Adult Vaccinations

Ever since the first vaccine was developed in 1796 to treat smallpox, 1 several different methods have been created to develop successful vaccines. Today, those methods, known as vaccine technologies, are more advanced and use the latest technology to help protect the world from preventable diseases. 2 Depending on the pathogen (a bacteria or virus) that is being targeted, different vaccine technologies are used to generate an effective vaccine. Just like there are multiple ways to develop a vaccine, they can also take on multiple forms—from needle injections and nasal sprays to oral doses, a more recent innovation. In total, there are six different vaccine technology platforms, each with its own benefits, and examples. We spoke with Ingrid Scully, PhD, Senior Director of Vaccine Research and Development at Pfizer, about what makes each one special.

Tooth decay occurs when bacteria in the mouth produce acids that attack the enamel, or protective outer layer of the tooth. If left untreated, tooth decay could lead to gum disease, cavities, and possibly tooth loss.  Unfortunately, tooth decay is very prevalent in the United States. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than 1 in 4 adults have untreated tooth decay. Knowing the signs and symptoms of tooth decay can lead to treatment to restore healthy teeth and gums. It's also crucial to learn how to maintain good oral hygiene to ward off tooth decay.  This article will discuss the causes and risk factors of tooth decay, signs and symptoms, stages, and how tooth decay is treated. Image by JHLee Tooth Decay Stages Tooth decay doesn't happen immediately. Instead, it occurs over time in a series of stages due to poor oral hygiene. Stage 1: White Spots of Demineralization in Enamel ...

KARACHI: A respiratory disease similar to the coronavirus is rapidly spreading among chicken across the country, ARY News reported on Thursday. As per details, a disease called 'infectious coryza has spread in poultry farms across Pakistan and a number of poultry farms in Karachi have been closed after the disease. Chairman Consumer Association Pakistan Kokab Iqbal talking to ARY News programme Bakhbar Savera said the disease is similar to coronavirus disease in which chicken have common cold and respiratory problems. Recalling the past, he said that chicken was hit was bird flu and "Ranikhet" disease in the past too, which brought their prices recorded a massive decline. He urged the masses to get them safe from the disease and adopt precautionary measures in this context. Replying to a question, Kokab Iqbal said that they are receiving reports about the spread of the disease in the United States, but not as much across Pakistan. Read more: Inquiry reveals wh...

Novel, potentially first-in-class topical therapy berdazimer gel 10.3% provided lesion count reduction by 4 weeks in patients with molluscum contagiosum (MC), according to new phase 3 data. The findings, presented in a late-breaking session at the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) 2022 Annual Meeting this weekend, could support berdazimer gel as the first regulated therapy for patients with the mostly pediatric, mostly untreated virus-borne dermatologic disease. A new chemical entity, berdazimer sodium is a component combined with nitric oxide (NO) release-promoting hydrogrel to addresses the various challenges presented by MC, a pox virus-borne dermatologic infection that causes lesions and scars predominately in children. Approximately three-fourths of children infected with any of the 4 known types of MC go untreated, and resolution of the disease and its symptoms can take up to 5 years. Much of MC's physiological and molecular functionality is dependent on NO modulation, ma...

Abuja, 28 March, 2022 - "It's hard to remember life without COVID-19 anymore, we have become so used to wearing masks and preventives that not doing so makes it look weird" says Dr Oje Uzochi, a Medical Officer at Asokoro General Hospital, Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Abuja. The 35-year-old pediatrician also mentioned that despite the sad incidents COVID-19  left behind, it has also helped in improving infection prevention and control (IPC) in hospitals. To Dr Uzochi, "We are much more protected now, it is good to say we do not take as much diseases home as we used to and I have had less flu in the last few years than before the pandemic. Most times children can cough on your face during consultation and you tend to get infected after a few days, it is not like that anymore".  "Patients are generally much more aware of hygiene as I could remember struggling with parents to wash hands, sterilize things and be conscious of their envi...

In 2019, less than 40% of Florida adults said they'd gotten their flu shot in the past year. Show Caption Hide Caption Health experts urge vaccine as flu season nears Masking and other precautions against the coronavirus had an added bonus last winter as flu cases dropped to historically low levels. But with schools and businesses reopened, travel resuming and far less masking, flu could make a comeback. (Sept. 30) AP CDC urges everyone 6 months and older to get their annual flu shot Free flu shots available to children under 18 Flu/pneumonia deaths in Florida have declined since 2000 If you missed the Florida Department of Health's "vaccine before Halloween" memo, fear not; there's still time to get your annual flu shot. The next best thing is to "pass the turkey, not the flu" and get immunized before traveling and gathering with love...

About 18 years ago, while delivering a talk at a CDC conference, Gregory Poland punked 2,000 of his fellow scientists. Ten minutes into his lecture, a member of the audience, under Poland's instruction, raced up to the podium with a slip of paper. Poland skimmed the note and looked up, stony-faced. "Colleagues, I am unsure of what to say," he said. "We have just been notified of a virus that's been detected in the U.S. that will take somewhere between 10,000 and 15,000 lives this year." The room erupted in a horrified, cinematic gasp. Poland paused, then leaned into the mic. "The name of the virus," he declared, "is influenza." Call it funny, call it mean, but at least call it true. Poland, a physician and vaccinologist at Mayo Clinic, had done little more than recast two facts his colleagues already knew: Flu is highly contagious and highly dangerous, a staggering burden on public health; and for years and years and years, Americans, eve...

Multidisciplinary care team collaborates to help patient with Down syndrome thrive When Sarah Lowry and her husband moved to California, it seemed natural to search for pediatricians who were located near her new home. Lowry, who is a pediatric nurse, had hoped to find care that was collaborative and patient-centered for her toddler son, who has Down syndrome and health-related problems, including a heart defect, breathing problems, and sleep issues.   Disappointed with the care he received, Lowry soon switched to doctors in the Stanford Children's Health network, where she found an extensive team of specialists who could treat Emmett as he grew up. The Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford cardiologists, pulmonologists, and otolaryngologists worked together to care for all of Emmett's conditions seamlessly and holistically. "They care for my child as a whole child, and not as a child with Down syndrome," Lowry said. "Each doctor sees my child ...

Cold and flu season has officially started in the U.S., so it's time to get your annual flu vaccine. Getting a shot in the arm isn't exactly fun, but there is another option: the nasal flu vaccine. Known as FluMist Quadrivalent or the live attenuated influenza vaccine, this flu vaccine lets you bypass the whole needle-in-arm scenario, making it a good option for children and people who are nervous about shots. But the nasal flu vaccine isn't for everyone, including adults over 50. Here's what you need to know before bypassing the shot. What is the nasal flu vaccine, exactly? The nasal flu vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine, meaning it contains weakened flu viruses so they won't make you sick, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) explains. Those weakened viruses are specially designed to only multiply at the cooler temperatures found in your nose and not in your lungs or other areas in your body that are warmer. Just like the "regular" flu...

Blurred vision in one eye can be due to a number of things including stroke or macular degeneration. There are plenty of infections that may also be the cause like COVID-19, iritis, or ocular herpes. Treatment varies widely depending on the underlying cause so proper diagnosis is important. Visit Insider's Health Reference library for more advice. Blurry vision in one eye can affect all or just parts of your visual field. It makes objects appear out of focus or cloudy and can interfere with day to day activities, even with your glasses or contact lenses in place. Sudden blurry vision in one or both eyes may indicate a medical emergency like a stroke or detached retina. Other, more gradual changes can be a sign of refractive errors. Usually, your best option whenever you experience blurred vision in one eye is to ...

Show Caption Hide Caption Moderna says its COVID shots work for kids under 6 Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine works in babies, toddlers and preschoolers the company announced Wednesday. Moderna said in the coming weeks it would ask regulators in the U.S. and Europe to authorize two small-dose shots for youngsters under 6. (March 23) AP After enduring months of confusion and multiple setbacks, parents of young children were elated to find out Moderna plans to request the Food and Drug Administration to authorize a COVID-19 vaccine for kids under 6.  Although parents welcomed the much-anticipated news, the BA.2 strain of the omicron variant continues to gain ground in the U.S., and access to these life-saving vaccines for 18 million of the nation's youngest is still weeks away. Pfizer-BioNTech, which also plans to request FDA auth...