adult booster :: Article Creator Adults Largely Don't Need Tetanus, Diphtheria Vaccine Boosters, Researchers Say With certain exceptions, US adults could safely forego tetanus and diphtheria booster vaccination—if uptake of childhood vaccines stays high, an Oregon Health & Science University–led research team wrote yesterday in Clinical Microbiology Reviews. Discontinuing the 10-year doses could save about $1 billion each year, said the researchers, who compared the impact of the tetanus and diphtheria vaccination programs to that of other routine childhood vaccines, reviewed childhood vaccination programs in France and England, and proposed revisions to the adult booster vaccination schedule. While diphtheria is highly contagious, the community is broadly protected through childhood vaccination, and "Tetanus is unique among vaccine-preventable diseases because it is not transmitted from person to person; therefore, vaccination prov...
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Modified BCG vaccine could prevent TB in cattle and help end culls - New Scientist News
A modified version of the BCG vaccine against tuberculosis could allow cattle around the world to be vaccinated against the disease for the first time. At present, the disease is controlled by slaughtering infected cattle and other animals thought to spread it, such as badgers, which has been a source of controversy.
The modified vaccine has been tested only in guinea pigs so far, but the team is confident it will work in cattle too. “We would expect it to work in cows,” says team leader Johnjoe McFadden at the University of Surrey, UK. Testing in large animals like cattle is expensive, he says, and the team hasn’t yet got the funding.
Vaccinating cattle with the standard BCG vaccine used in people – which contains a live bacterium – is banned in most countries. The reason is that the vaccine protects only about 70 per cent of cattle and a standard test can’t distinguish between cattle that have been vaccinated and those that are infected.
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The test involves injecting dead TB bacteria into the skin, but vaccinated and infected cattle react in the same way. This means the disease could spread undetected if vaccination was allowed.
McFadden’s team has got around this by deleting six protein-coding genes from the BCG vaccine strain. If these six proteins are injected into the skin of cattle vaccinated with the new strain, there will be no response, but in infected cattle there will be a response. So if the modified vaccine is used in conjunction with the new skin test, infected animals can be detected.
The work was done in collaboration with research organisations in India, where TB in cattle is a particular problem. Cows can’t be culled there because Hindus consider them to be sacred.
Earlier this year, another group described a test for distinguishing between vaccinated and infected animals based on existing differences between TB and the standard BCG strain. McFadden says these differences are small and much harder to detect. “Ours is an improvement,” he says.
advanced primary care of the ozarks :: Article Creator Integrating Rx With Advanced Primary Care Will Unlock Better Health America's healthcare industry has been squeezed tightly over the past few years with post-pandemic fallout, a declining economy and high consumer expectations. Retail pharmacies are no exception, and it's clear that the traditional pharmacy model is in crisis. With rising costs for medications and supplies and changing consumer retail habits, this doesn't bode well for the brick-and-mortar community pharmacy. Simply put: the traditional pharmacy model is unsustainable. We will soon see a rash of closing retail pharmacies and consumers scrambling to fill needed prescriptions affordably. You might be asking yourself why this should matter to you as HR and benefit professionals. I serve as chief human resources officer for a company that works with many large employers concerned about healthcare costs and the de...
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