toxoid :: Article CreatorWhat Is A Toxoid Vaccine?
Long-lasting immunity against bacterial diseases such as tetanus and diphtheria is induced by a course of toxoid vaccines which cause an immune response against weakened versions of specific bacterial toxins called toxoids.
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What is a toxoid?
Toxoids are altered forms of toxins (exotoxins secreted by bacteria) whose toxicity is weakened; however, their immunogenicity is maintained. As such, toxoids are able to cause a protective immune response, but not lead to active toxin-induced disease. Toxoids are therefore excellent choices to be used in vaccinations against certain bacterial toxins.
What is a toxoid vaccine?
Toxoid vaccines use toxoids (as antigens) to induce an immune response in protecting against diseases caused by toxins secreted by specific bacteria. By using toxoids, the body is able to form an immune response to the original toxin (maintained immunogenicity), but since the toxoid is a weakened form of the toxin, it cannot lead to any toxicity or toxin-induced disease. Compared to other vaccines, toxoid vaccines are more stable and less susceptible to damage caused by temperature, humidity, or light.
During the immune response mounted by the body in response to exposure to toxoids, Th2 (CD4+) and B-cells become activated which produce immunoglobulins against the immunogenetic part of the toxoid (which is the same as it is in the toxin), allowing for protection against the actual toxin should exposure ever occur.
Usually, toxoid vaccines are given as part of a course of multiple doses throughout childhood and adulthood for maximum protection, and booster shots can be given if you are traveling to a high-risk country for example.
Examples of bacterial diseases and toxoid vaccines
Common diseases caused by bacterial toxins are typically immunized against using toxoid vaccines. Specific examples include vaccinations against tetanus (Clostridium tetani), diphtheria (Corynebacterium diphtheriae), botulism (Clostridium botulinum) and whooping cough; pertussis (Bordetella pertussis – though this tends to be bacterial components rather than toxoids per se, but components are incorporated alongside toxoids of other bacteria).
Tetanus
Tetanus (caused by Clostridium tetani) leads to muscular spasms occurring across the body which last for a few minutes at a time. Whilst recovery can occur naturally in most people over the course of many months, it is also fatal in approximately 10% of all non-vaccinated cases. Vaccinations against tetanus have dramatically cut the number of cases worldwide (up to 95%) as well as the fatality rate. Almost all cases of tetanus that occur nowadays happen in non-immunized and inadequately immunized individuals.
Unlike a majority of toxins and pathogens, exposure and recovery to natural tetanus toxins do not result in natural immunity due to the potency of the tetanus toxin. However, exposure to the tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccine results in robust immunological memory. It is a safe and effective vaccine, but it can result in localized inflammation (redness and pain) at the site of injection in as many as 25-85% of all people, though severe allergic reactions are extremely rare.
Diphtheria
Diphtheria (caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae) leads to symptoms of fever, swollen glands, and a thick grey-white coating at the back of the throat. If it infects the skin (such as through wounds or cuts), it can cause large pus-filled blisters or ulcers.
The Diphtheria vaccine has resulted in a 90% reduction in cases worldwide and tends to have very few side effects apart from a raised bump at the site of injection which may last for several weeks. Alongside tetanus, diphtheria is immunized against using a combination vaccine.
DPT vaccine
The Diphtheria, Pertussis & Tetanus (DPT) vaccine is a trivalent vaccine that incorporates toxoids and killed bacteria from the 3 different bacteria which cause the 3 diseases. Typically, the DPT vaccine contained toxoids of Corynebacterium diphtheriae & Clostridium tetani, whilst containing killed cells from Bordetella pertussis.
The DTP vaccine is typically given as part of a course of immunization starting in young children (part of a hexavalent 6-in-1 vaccine) and as boosters (DTP only) in teenagers (as part of 5 doses in the UK for example). Specific administration of doses varies in different countries. The DTP vaccine should not be given to those that suffer from severe anaphylaxis to a previous toxoid vaccine, or to one of the ingredients in the vaccine.
There are variations of the DTP vaccine including the DTaP and Tdap vaccines. The DTaP vaccine (DTPa/TDaP) also protects against the 3 diseases, but the pertussis component is acellular rather than the whole-cell components used in the DTP vaccine. The TDaP vaccine is a tetanus toxoid with reduced diphtheria toxoid and reduced acellular pertussis components usually given in adults or as boosters.
Summary
In summary, toxoid vaccines are extremely effective and safe vaccines against common diseases causes by bacterial infections, including tetanus and diphtheria.
Usually, vaccinations against these diseases are given as part of routine childhood vaccinations (variations of the DTP/TDaP vaccine; alongside against pertussis) and have resulted in over 90-95% drop in cases and deaths worldwide since their introduction. Almost all new cases happen in non-immunized or inadequately immunized individuals.
References Further Reading
Toxoid Vaccine Market To Surpass USD 8.22 Billion By 2030 Owing To Increasing Prevalence Of Infectious Diseases GloballyResearch By SNS Insider
SNS Insider pvt ltd
The technological advancements in the development and production of vaccines, along with the introduction of new and improved products, are expected to positively impact market growth in the coming years.
Pune, March 30, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- As per SNS Insider's report, the worldwide size of Toxoid Vaccine Market reached a value of USD 5.61 billion in 2022 and is expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.9% between 2023 and 2030, ultimately reaching a worth of USD 8.22 billion.
Market Overview
Toxoid vaccines are particularly useful in the prevention of diseases caused by bacterial toxins, such as diphtheria and tetanus. These diseases can cause serious health complications and even death, making toxoid vaccines an essential tool for protecting public health. Toxoid vaccines are administered in a similar way to other vaccines, typically through injection.
Market Analysis
The toxoid vaccine market is experiencing significant growth due to a variety of factors. One of the major drivers is the increase in the prevalence of diseases, which has led to an increased demand for vaccines. Additionally, the presence of immunization programs and advances in technology have made it easier to develop and distribute vaccines, further fueling market growth. Another key factor is the rise of emerging markets, which have created new opportunities for companies in the vaccine industry. These markets offer untapped potential for growth, as well as the chance to reach a larger population in need of vaccinations.
Major Key Company Profiles Listed in this Report Are:
The major key players are Sanofi S.A., Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd., Panacea Biotec, Biological E Limited, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck & Co. Inc., Astellas Pharma Inc., Bharat Biotech, Dano Vaccines, Abbott.
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Impact of Russia-Ukraine Conflict
The Russia-Ukraine conflict has had a significant impact on the toxoid vaccine market, with both countries experiencing challenges in the production and distribution of these critical vaccines. It is essential for both countries to find a peaceful resolution to the conflict to ensure that the healthcare systems can function effectively and provide necessary medical supplies to the population.
Key Regional Developments
The toxoid vaccine market is seeing a significant impact from regional trends, with North America currently in dominating place. This is due to a number of factors, including a highly developed healthcare system with refined healthcare expenditure, increased patient awareness, and a high prevalence of infectious diseases in the region. These conditions have created a high demand for vaccines and have fueled market growth. However, Europe is also expected to experience significant growth in the market. The region has been investing heavily in immunization programs and technology, which is expected to increase the availability and effectiveness of vaccines.
Story Continues
Toxoid Vaccine Market Report Scope:
Report Attributes
Details
Market Size in 2022
US$ 5.61 Bn
Market Size by 2030
US$ 8.22 Bn
CAGR
CAGR of 4.9% From 2023 to 2030
Base Year
2022
Forecast Period
2023-2030
Historical Data
2020-2021
Toxoid Vaccine Market: Key Segmentation
• By Disease (Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis)• By Composition (DtaP, DT, Tdap, Monovalent TT, Td)• By End-User (Hospitals, Specialty, Governments Organization, Others)
Key Regional Coverage
North America (USA, Canada, Mexico), Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (Japan, South Korea, China, India, Australia, Rest of Asia-Pacific), The Middle East & Africa (Israel, UAE, South Africa, Rest of Middle East & Africa), Latin America (Brazil, Argentina, Rest of Latin America)
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Key Takeaway from Toxoid Vaccine Market Study
In recent years, the demand for tetanus toxoid vaccines has increased significantly, and the market has seen significant growth in the tetanus toxoid vaccine segment. This can be attributed to the growing awareness among people about the importance of vaccination and the increasing prevalence of tetanus in many parts of the world.
The hospital segment is expected to drive a high share in the market due to several factors. Hospitals are the primary healthcare providers for a large population, especially in developing countries where healthcare infrastructure is limited. Hospitals also play a critical role in providing vaccines to the public and are responsible for administering vaccines to patients.
Recent Developments Related to Toxoid Vaccine Market
Boostrix, a vaccine used to prevent pertussis (also known as whooping cough), has been approved for use during pregnancy in order to protect newborn infants from this highly contagious and potentially dangerous disease. Pertussis can cause severe coughing fits that can lead to complications such as pneumonia, seizures, brain damage, and even death, particularly in young infants who have not yet received their full series of vaccinations.
ILiAD Biotechnologies has recently announced the publication of the results of its Phase 2b clinical trial of the BPZE1 vaccine for adults in The Lancet. The BPZE1 vaccine is a novel vaccine that is designed to protect against the respiratory pathogen Bordetella pertussis, which is the causative agent of whooping cough.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Research Methodology
3. Market Dynamics
4. Impact Analysis
5. Value Chain Analysis
6. Porter's 5 Forces Model
7. PEST Analysis
8. Toxoid Vaccine Market Segmentation, By Disease Type
9. Toxoid Vaccine Market Segmentation, By Composition
10 Toxoid Vaccine Market Segmentation, By End User
11. Regional Analysis
12 Company Profile
13. Competitive Landscape
14. Conclusion
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Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine Strategic Research Report 2024: Rising Awareness Of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Drives Demand - Global Market Forecast To 2030
Company Logo
Global Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine Market
Global Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine Market
Dublin, Aug. 29, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The "Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine - Global Strategic Business Report" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.Com's offering.
The global market for Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine was estimated at US$5.1 Billion in 2023, and is projected to reach US$6.1 Billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 2.7% from 2023 to 2030. This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of market trends, drivers, and forecasts, helping you make informed business decisions.
The vaccine`s role extends beyond individual protection, contributing to herd immunity which helps protect those who are not vaccinated. In many countries, tetanus vaccination is part of the mandatory immunization schedule for children and is also recommended for adults, particularly those with high-risk occupations or lifestyles. Global health initiatives, such as the World Health Organization's (WHO) Expanded Programme on Immunization, have been pivotal in increasing tetanus vaccine coverage, significantly reducing the incidence of tetanus, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
Key Insights:
Market Growth: Understand the significant growth trajectory of the Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (TDaP) Vaccine segment, which is expected to reach US$1.7 Billion by 2030 with a CAGR of a 3.5%. The Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTaP) Vaccine segment is also set to grow at 3.8% CAGR over the analysis period.
Regional Analysis: Gain insights into the U.S. Market, estimated at $1.4 Billion in 2023, and China, forecasted to grow at an impressive 5.4% CAGR to reach $1.2 Billion by 2030. Discover growth trends in other key regions, including Japan, Canada, Germany, and the Asia-Pacific.
Report Features:
Comprehensive Market Data: Independent analysis of annual sales and market forecasts in US$ Million from 2023 to 2030.
In-Depth Regional Analysis: Detailed insights into key markets, including the U.S., China, Japan, Canada, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East, and Africa.
Company Profiles: Coverage of major players such as AMSON Vaccines & Pharma Pvt Ltd., Astellas Pharma, Inc., Bharat Biotech International Ltd., and more.
Complimentary Updates: Receive free report updates for one year to keep you informed of the latest market developments.
Key Attributes:
Report Attribute
Details
No. Of Pages
265
Forecast Period
2023 - 2030
Estimated Market Value (USD) in 2023
$5.1 Billion
Forecasted Market Value (USD) by 2030
$6.1 Billion
Compound Annual Growth Rate
2.7%
Regions Covered
Global
Key Topics Covered:
MARKET OVERVIEW
Story Continues
Influencer Market Insights
World Market Trajectories
Global Economic Update
Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine - Global Key Competitors Percentage Market Share in 2024 (E)
Competitive Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial for Players Worldwide in 2024 (E)
MARKET TRENDS & DRIVERS
Rising Awareness of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Drives Demand for Tetanus Toxoid Vaccines
Government Immunization Programs Propel Growth in Vaccine Uptake
Increasing Incidence of Tetanus in Developing Regions Expands Addressable Market
Technological Advancements in Vaccine Production Enhance Efficacy and Safety
Growing Focus on Maternal and Neonatal Health Generates Demand for Tetanus Vaccination
Innovations in Vaccine Delivery Systems Propel Market Growth
FOCUS ON SELECT PLAYERS (Total 86 Featured)
AMSON Vaccines & Pharma Pvt Ltd.
Astellas Pharma, Inc.
Bharat Biotech International Ltd.
Bio Farma
Biological E. Ltd.
Biovlays
Dano Vaccines and Biologicals Pvt. Ltd.
GSK Plc
Merck & Co., Inc.
MK Lab SAC
Panacea Biotec Ltd.
Pfizer, Inc.
Sanofi SA
Serum Institute of India Pvt., Ltd.
Zoetis Services LLC
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